Manson, Patrick, 1844–1922, English
parasitologist. After receiving his medical degree (1866) from the
university at Aberdeen, Scotland, Manson left for China where he was to
spend 24 years, studying such diseases as tinea, Calabar swelling, and
blackwater fever. In 1878 he observed that filariae, the worms that
cause elephantiasis in man, pass part of their life cycle in the Culex
mosquito; he thus led the way in the study of the transmission of
diseases caused by parasites. In 1894 he made the deduction that the
parasite of malaria passes part of its life cycle in the mosquito, a
theory that Ronald Ross
was to verify three years later. A founder of two schools devoted to
the study of tropical diseases, one at Hong Kong (1886) and the other at
London (1898), Manson is often described as the father of tropical
medicine.
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